Cybersecurity is the practice of protecting your digital life—such as your computers, smartphones, and online accounts—from hackers who want to steal, change, or break your information.
MADE BY HARDIK AWANA CLASS-8 C
CSET
SAFETY TIPS AGAINST CYBERCRIME
Secure Logins: Use unique passwords for every account and always enable Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) on email, social media, and college portals.
Public Wi-Fi/Charging: Avoid using public Wi-Fi or USB charging ports in cafes or metros for sensitive tasks; they are common targets for data theft.
QR Code Rule: Never scan a QR code to receive money. Scammers use this trick to drain your account instead of paying you.
Social Privacy: Set profiles to "Private" and never share your location, phone number, or school name publicly to avoid cyberstalking.
Emergency Contact: If you are scammed or harassed, immediately call the National Cyber Crime Helpline at 1930 or report it at
Offensive Messages (Sec 66A - struck down by Supreme Court): Intended to cause annoyance.
Data Protection: Addresses data security and breach notification.
INDIAN PENAL CODE
IPC:
Sections of the IPC (e.g., cheating, forgery, defamation) are applied to cybercrimes.
IT RULES, 2011
IT Rules, 2011:
Detailed rules for implementing the IT Act, covering intermediaries, digital signatures, etc.
DIGITAL PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION ACT, 2023
DPDP Act:
Focuses specifically on processing personal data, balancing individual privacy
with data fiduciary needs.
NATIONAL CYBER SECURITY FRAMEWORK
NCSF:
Outlines national strategies for cybersecurity.
The NCSF is a to-do list for digital safety. It provides a step-by-step guide for organizations to identify their weak spots, protect their data, and know exactly what to do if they get hacked.
PHISHING
Phishing is a cyber attack where hackers try to trick people into sharing personal information like:
Passwords
Bank details
OTPs
Credit / debit card numbers
They usually pretend to be trusted companies such as banks, schools, or social media platforms.
How to Protect Yourself from Phishing
Never click unknown links
Do not share OTP or passwords
Check the sender’s email carefully
Use strong passwords
Report suspicious messages
MALWARE
Malware, (short for "malicious software") refers to any intrusive code or program intentionally designed to damage, disrupt, or gain unauthorized access to a computer system, network, or data.
Core Malware Types
Ransomware: Encrypts files and demands a ransom payment for the decryption key. Modern "multi-extortion" strains also threaten to leak stolen data if demands aren't met.
Viruses: Malicious code that attaches to legitimate programs and requires human action (like opening a file) to execute and spread.
Worms: Standalone programs that self-replicate and spread automatically across networks without any human intervention.
Trojans: Disguise themselves as legitimate software to trick users into installing them, often creating "backdoors" for further attacks.
Spyware: Secretly monitors user activity to steal sensitive data like passwords, credit card numbers, and browsing habits.
Adware: Automatically displays or downloads unwanted advertisements, often tracking user behavior to serve targeted (and sometimes malicious) ads.
CYBERBULLYING AND CYBERSTALKING
Cyberbullying and cyberstalking are forms of online harassment that involve using digital platforms to target, intimidate, or harm individuals.
Key Differences
Cyberbullying: Repeatedly sending or sharing harmful, false, or mean content to embarrass or humiliate a person. It is most common among minors and often revolves around emotional manipulation.
Cyberstalking: A pattern of persistent, unwanted online attention that induces fear or concern for personal safety. It frequently involves surveillance, tracking location, or threats.
QUIZ
Question 1: Is it safe to share OTPs with strangers?
QUIZ
Question 2: Which of the following is the primary legislation in India that provides a legal framework for electronic governance, electronic records, and digital signatures, while also defining various cybercrimes?
QUIZ
Question 3:You receive a message on a social media app from a stranger offering you a free "game recharge" or "gift card" if you click a link. What is the safest thing to do?
QUIZ
Question 4:What is the official government helpline number in India to report financial cyber fraud immediately?
QUIZ
Question 5:You receive a message from an unknown number claiming you have won a "KBC Lottery" and asking you to click a link to claim the prize. What is this type of attack called?